Research on the Spatial Form of Traditional Villages from the Perspective of Conzenian Urban Morphology—A Case Study of Fengxi Village in Guizhou

Against the backdrop of rural revitalization, traditional villages in Guizhou's ethnic minority regions face the dual challenges of preservation and development. Existing research predominantly focuses on macro-scale morphological descriptions, lacking an operable spatial classification method that can directly guide planning and management. To address this gap, this paper takes Fengxi Village in Dejiang County as a case study, integrates Conzenian urban morphology theory with the concept of "management units", and proposes a spatial unit classification method for traditional villages based on the overlay analysis of "morphological regions + property parcels". First, the Conzenian plan analysis method is employed to systematically deconstruct Fengxi Village's land use, road system, plot combinations, and building types, thereby delineating its morphological regions. Subsequently, three evaluation factors—building value, quality, and appearance—are innovatively introduced. Through quantitative evaluation, all 702 buildings in the village are classified into five categories: preservation units, restoration and improvement units, comprehensive renovation units, demolition and renewal units, and new development units, with the quantities and proportions of each unit type statistically analyzed. Building on this foundation, differentiated control guidelines and development strategies are proposed for each unit category. The research indicates that this method achieves a transformation from "morphological description" to "implementable control", breaking down the vague goal of "holistic preservation" into concrete "unit-based guidance" actions, and provides a replicable technical pathway for the refined planning and management of traditional villages. The innovation of this paper lies in constructing a complete technical framework of "morphological analysis - factor evaluation - unit control", addressing the deficiency of existing research at the micro-operational level.