Cuprotosis-related gene subtypes, prognostic modeling, and tumor microenvironment remodeling in breast cancer

Background: A newly discovered mode of cell death is called cuprotosis. Current evidence confirms that cuprotosis is involved in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors. However, the prognostic significance and function of cuprotosis-related genes (CRGs) in breast cancer (BC) remain unclear. The aim of this study is to establish a model for predicting the prognosis of BC patients with cuprotosis-related pattern-related gene (CRPRG) score, and explore the functional role of CRGs in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Methods: In this study, transcriptome profiles, corresponding clinical information and tumor mutation data were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE20685). The multigene prediction model was constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Cox regression analysis, and then validated by Kaplan-Meier and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: ) that were associated with prognosis. According to the median risk score, the patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups. The results of survival analysis, ROC curve analysis and risk curve analysis of the prognostic model showed that the prognosis of the high-risk group was poor, and the predictive ability of the risk prognosis model was also verified. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, risk score was an independent prognostic factor (P