Analysis of incidence and mortality from malignant neoplasms of prostate cancer in the Russian Federation in the period 2011–2023.

Relevance. Malignant neoplasms pose a serious problem for healthcare in Russia, ranking second in the structure of mortality. Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common oncological diseases among men, which determines the relevance of studying its epidemiological characteristics. Objective of the study. Study of the dynamics of incidence and mortality rates from prostate cancer in the Russian Federation for the period 2011–2023. Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of statistical data from the Federal State Statistics Service. An analysis of incidence rates, prevalence, mortality and the structure of disease detection by stages was conducted. Statistical data processing methods were used, including the calculation of standardized indicators per 100,000 population. Results. Over the study period, an increase in the prevalence of malignant neoplasms by 28.7% and PCa by 39.46% was revealed. An increase in the proportion of active disease detection was noted. The proportion of patients with stage I–II prostate cancer increased by 26.84%, while those with stage IV decreased. Mortality within the first year from diagnosis decreased by 48.21%. During the COVID‑19 pandemic, there was a temporary decline in early detection rates. Conclusions. The analysis revealed positive trends in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, reflected in a decrease in mortality and an increase in early detection rates. However, the incidence rate remains on the rise. Improved organizational approaches to cancer diagnosis are needed, especially in the context of pandemic restrictions.