Rolling Back to Life: A Non-Invasive Prosthetic Restores Mobility in an Indian Star Tortoise (Geochelone elegans)

Abstract Prosthetic interventions in reptiles are exceedingly rare and often involve invasive attachment methods that carry risks of shell damage and infection. Here we report the development and successful implementation of a fully non-invasive, wheel-based prosthetic device to restore locomotion in a young Indian star tortoise ( Geochelone elegans ) that suffered a forelimb injury. The custom prosthesis was designed using computer-aided modeling to fit securely under the tortoise’s shell without any surgical fixation. Upon fitting the device, the tortoise’s mobility greatly improved, attaining an average walking speed of ~ 0.5 km/h (with bursts up to ~ 0.9 km/h) – within the normal range for healthy tortoises. The animal resumed natural foraging and exploratory behaviors, indicating a return to a high quality of life. Basic biomechanical analysis confirmed that the dual-wheel design provided balanced support and sufficient traction for forward movement without causing tipping. This case study demonstrates how a physics-informed, welfare-oriented non – invasive prosthetic approach can overcome anatomical challenges in chelonians. The outcome introduces a replicable framework for improving mobility in injured reptiles, integrating principles of engineering biomechanics into conservation medicine.