The Diagnostic Power of General Temperament Questionnaire Compared to Uterine Temperament Questionnaire in Determining Uterine Temperament of Infertile Women: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study

Abstract Background Mizaj (temperament) is a fundamental concept in Persian medicine, critically influencing the prevention, treatment, and prognosis of diseases. The uterus, as a key reproductive organ, has its own specific temperament, which is assessed by a specialized questionnaire. Additionally, an individual’s general temperament may also reflect uterine temperament due to the holistic approach of Persian medicine. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the General Temperament Questionnaire (GTQ) versus the Uterine Temperament Questionnaire (UTQ) for determining uterine temperament in infertile women. Methods This cross-sectional analytical study included 62 infertile women. Participants completed both the GTQ and UTQ. Diagnostic performance was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, and Cohen’s kappa (κ). Associations with clinical variables were analyzed. Results The UTQ identified cold-wet (50.0%) as the predominant uterine temperament, followed by cold-dry (40.32%). Strong agreement was found between the UTQ and GTQ (κ = 0.72, p < 0.001). Both questionnaires showed significant association with infertility etiology (p = 0.001), linking cold-wet temperament to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and cold-dry to primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). BMI was significantly higher in wet temperament categories (UTQ p = 0.016, GTQ p = 0.004). Conclusion Although general and uterine temperament assessments show substantial agreement, the UTQ demonstrates stronger alignment with clinical biomarkers and provides more precise organ-specific diagnosis. Using the UTQ is recommended for targeted diagnosis of uterine dystemperament in infertile women to facilitate personalized treatment strategies and potentially prevent ineffective treatments in PM.