Why Do Chinese Megaproject Employees Voice Their Opinions? An Analysis from the Perspective of Mindfulness

Abstract Mindfulness represents a critical construct in organizational behavior research, as it fosters a range of favorable workplace outcomes and strengthens interpersonal communication and cross-team collaboration among employees. This study investigates the impact of mindfulness on employee voice behavior within Chinese megaproject teams, with role engagement as a mediating variable and promotion focus as a moderating variable. Employing a conditional indirect effects model rooted in the Theory of Planned Behavior, the study combines a literature review, expert interviews, questionnaire surveys among employees of State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co., Ltd., CCCC Guangzhou Dredging Co., Ltd., and China State Construction Engineering Corporation Ltd. (CSCEC), regression analysis, and validation through interviews and case studies. Key findings include: (1) Mindfulness exerts a significant positive influence on employee voice behavior in megaproject teams; (2) Role engagement exerts a significant mediating effect on the relationship between mindfulness and voice behavior ; (3) Promotion focus moderates the mediating role of role engagement in this relationship. This study sheds light on the formation mechanism of employee voice behavior in construction projects from a mindfulness perspective and underscores the role of promotion focus in explaining mindfulness's influence on voice behavior. These insights aid megaproject managers in understanding the positive impact of mindfulness and promoting employee voice behavior, with implications for other behavioral performances in megaproject settings.