WhatsApp-Based Meta AI Assistant in Enhancing Pre-Service Teachers’ Conceptual Understanding of Mathematics

Abstract This qualitative study explored the pre-service teachers’ perceptions and experiences using a WhatsApp-based Meta AI assistant to support their conceptual understanding of mathematics. Drawing on structured interviews with 79 participants from the July 2025 intake, the research investigated five key areas: perceived effectiveness, types of mathematical concepts clarified, influence on engagement and motivation, challenges faced, and changes in problem-solving approaches. Findings revealed that the AI assistant is valued for its accessibility, clear explanations, and instant feedback, which enhance understanding and raise autonomous, motivated learning. Participants reported improved comprehension of complex topics such as calculus and algebra, increased confidence, and more strategic problem-solving methods. However, challenges including occasional technical issues, language complexity, and lack of human encouragement were noted. Overall, the study highlights the potential of integrating AI tools like the Meta assistant within mathematics education to complement traditional teaching and promote deeper learner engagement.