Integrated Quality Management Model for Teaching Factory in the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0 : A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract Aim This systematic literature review synthesizes research on quality management models for Teaching Factories (TeFa) in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) era, aiming to identify core components and technological enablers for an integrated model aligning pedagogical outcomes with industrial standards. Method Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted across Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025. After applying inclusion criteria, 15 primary studies were selected for thematic synthesis. Results Existing TeFa quality models are fragmented. Three themes emerged: (1) technological integration (IoT, cyber-physical systems, cloud monitoring), (2) process alignment (ISO 9001:2015 with industry 4.0 standards), and (3) competency-based assessment (digital rubrics, blockchain certification). No single model integrates all three. Key barriers include interoperability gaps and weak feedback loops. Novelty The study proposes the IR4.0 TeFa QM Integration Matrix, a novel framework mapping four quality dimensions (planning, control, assurance, improvement) against four TeFa layers (physical production, virtual simulation, student assessment, industry collaboration). Practical Implication: Educators gain guidelines for AI-based defect tracking and digital twin audits; industry partners benefit from student outputs meeting real-time production tolerances, reducing rework. Contribution: This review consolidates fragmented knowledge, introduces a testable model bridging pedagogical-industrial quality divides, and sets an agenda for validating cyber-physical quality systems in educational production environments.