Study of Correlation of Mean Red Cell Volume and Red Cell Distribution Width with HbA1c and its Association with Microvascular Complications in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing public health issue, with an estimated 537 million (10.5%) adults affected globally. In India, approximately 89.8 million adults (10.5% of the population) have diabetes. Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes leads to microvascular complications (retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy), which are major causes of morbidity. Hematologic indices such as red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) have emerged as potential inflammatory markers and may reflect glycemic control. Objective: To evaluate the relationships of RDW and MCV with long-term glycemic control (HbA1c) and their associations with diabetic microvascular complications. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 125 adults with established T2DM (on treatment) were enrolled (April 2023-June 2024). Exclusion criteria included type 1 diabetes, anemia (Hb