Correlation of Serum 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D Levels with Angiographic Severity of Coronary Artery Disease: A Case-Control Study Using Gensini Score

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been increasingly recognized as a potential cardiovascular risk factor. Its association with angiographic severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) remains under investigation. Objective: To evaluate the correlation between serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and angiographic severity of CAD assessed using the Gensini score. Methods: This hospital-based case-control, cross-sectional study was conducted at NRI Institute of Medical Sciences between June 2021 and November 2022. A total of 300 patients aged 30?70 years undergoing coronary angiography were enrolled. Patients with abnormal angiograms (n=150) were categorized as cases, and those with normal angiograms (n=150) served as controls. Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured and CAD severity was quantified using the Gensini scoring system. Statistical analysis included chi-square test, independent t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation. Results: Mean serum vitamin D levels were significantly lower in cases compared to controls (23.4 ? 7.4 ng/mL vs 28.6 ? 6.3 ng/mL, p