A Case study on Pituitary Hypoplasia in a 5 Year Female Child

Background: Pituitary hypoplasia is a rare congenital anomaly characterised by underdevelopment of the pituitary gland, resulting in partial or complete hormone deficiencies. It may present as isolated growth hormone deficiency or as multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies. Early diagnosis through careful clinical evaluation, hormonal assessment, and magnetic resonance imaging of the hypothalamic?pituitary axis is essential for timely management. Hormone replacement therapy and multidisciplinary care significantly improve growth, metabolic function, and developmental outcomes. Objective: This review summarises the clinical profile, diagnostic modalities and treatment outcomes of pituitary hypoplasia in paediatric population. Methods: Clinical evaluation, hormonal investigations, bone age assessment, and magnetic resonance imaging were performed to establish the diagnosis. We report a case of isolated growth hormone deficiency secondary to pituitary hypoplasia in a five-year-old female presenting with short stature. Results: Isolated growth hormone deficiency. Bone age was delayed compared to chronological age. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain demonstrated a hypo plastic anterior pituitary gland, confirming the structural basis of the deficiency. Child was initiated on appropriate hormone replacement therapy with planned regular endocrine follow-up. Conclusion: Early recognition of pituitary hypoplasia in children with short stature is essential. Timely diagnosis and hormone therapy can significantly improve growth outcomes.