Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Background: Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) is a rare but potentially fatal adverse drug reaction characterized by delayed onset, extensive rash, eosinophilia and multiorgan involvement. Case presentation: We report the case of a 44-year-old woman who developed fever, generalized rash, facial swelling, jaundice and oral ulcers after intake of indigenous oral medication. Investigations revealed leukocytosis with marked eosinophilia and hepatic dysfunction. A diagnosis of DRESS syndrome was made based on RegiSCAR criteria. Management and outcome: The suspected medication was withdrawn and systemic corticosteroids were administered. The patient showed progressive clinical and biochemical improvement. Conclusion: Early recognition of DRESS is critical to prevent organ failure and mortality.