Employee Engagement in the Current Organizational Scenario: A Comprehensive Review

Employee engagement has become a central concern for organizations seeking sustainable performance, innovation, and employee retention. Despite significant managerial attention and investment, empirical evidence suggests that engagement levels remain relatively low across industries and regions. Rapid changes in work arrangements, leadership practices, employee expectations, and technological integration have further complicated engagement dynamics. This paper presents a comprehensive review of peer-reviewed research and large-scale empirical reports to examine the current scenario of employee engagement. The review synthesizes evidence on global engagement levels, key antecedents, challenges, and organizational outcomes. Based on the literature, a conceptual model is proposed to guide future empirical research. The study highlights the need for integrated, evidence-based engagement strategies that address leadership quality, job design, employee well-being, and organizational culture.