Prevalence and Risk Factors of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease among Adults Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India: A Prospective Observational Study

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder caused by the retrograde movement of gastric contents into the esophagus, leading to symptoms such as heartburn and regurgitation. The prevalence of GERD has increased globally due to changes in lifestyle, dietary patterns, obesity, and associated comorbidities. GERD significantly affects quality of life and may lead to complications if left untreated. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence, severity, and associated risk factors of GERD among patients attending the gastroenterology department of a tertiary care hospital. A prospective observational study was conducted over a period of six months among 150 adult patients diagnosed with GERD. Data were collected using a structured data collection form and the Enhanced Asian Rome III Diagnostic Questionnaire (EAR3Q). Demographic variables, body mass index (BMI), lifestyle habits, dietary factors, comorbidities, and severity of symptoms were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 28, and a p value