Recent Advances in Antibody-Drug Conjugates and Immunotherapy Combinations for Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a therapeutic challenge due to its aggressive nature and lack of ER, PR and HER2 expression. Recent advances, however, are reshaping its treatment landscape, particularly with antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and immunotherapies. ADCs such as sacituzumab govitecan and datopotamab deruxtecan have demonstrated superior efficacy over standard chemotherapy in metastatic TNBC. Furthermore, combining these ADCs with immune checkpoint inhibitors is emerging as a powerful strategy to enhance antitumor activity, as evidenced by encouraging results from trials like MORPHEUS-panBC and BEGONIA. While most evidence currently centers on metastatic disease, these novel combinations are also being rapidly evaluated in neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings. Given this rapid progress, this article aims to summarize recent advances in ADCs and immunotherapy combinations for TNBC, discuss their synergistic mechanisms, and provide insights for future personalized therapeutic strategies.