Role of Sodium-Glucose Transport Protein-2 Inhibitors in Renal Protection: A Narrative Review from the Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Interconnection

Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) diseases pose a significant global health burden and are becoming a major healthcare challenge. The intricate interplay among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been well established. Therefore, comprehensive management and early intervention are crucial to improving patient outcomes and reducing the strain on medical resources. This narrative review discusses the critical role of renal protection in the context of CKM syndrome, with a focus on the importance of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors. These drugs play a significant role in renal protection and in managing a variety of metabolic and cardiovascular disorders or risk factors. Additionally, the review underscores the challenges faced in managing CKM syndrome and suggests potential future directions in China. This reflects a comprehensive approach aimed at enhancing public health strategies in managing the complex interplay among kidney health, cardiovascular function, and metabolic status.