Hope-Enhancing Interventions in Schizophrenia Survivors: A Snyder’s Hope Theory–Based Scoping Review

Background: Hope is the fundamental to the recovery process in people with schizophrenia. Hope provides motivation to continue living a challenging life. Therefore, interventions to support people with schizophrenia to foster and maintain hope during the recovery process are important. Purpose: This study aims to describe interventions to foster and increase hope in survivors of schizophrenia. Methods: This study used a scoping review method, and the selection of articles using the databases Science Direct, EBSCO, SAGE, PubMed, Scopus, Springer Link. The keywords used were schizophrenia, hope, and interventions. The article search protocol used PRISMA Extension for Scoping Review, using the terms "schizophrenia OR psychosis OR psychotic disorder" AND "hope OR hopefulness OR meaning of hope" AND "interventions OR treatments OR programs". The selected studies were based on original research, used quantitative approaches (RCT and pre-experimental), focused on interventions to foster and or increase hope in survivors of Schizophrenia, and published in January 2014-June 2025). Results: Fourteen articles that met the criteria were found in the study. This study identified 14 interventions that can increase hope in patients with schizophrenia, including Mandala Art Therapy, Mindfulness Therapy, Positive Psychotherapy for Psychosis (PPP), Mixed-mode Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (M-MBCT), Social Recovery Therapy (SRT), Educational Music Therapy, Narrative Enhancement and Cognitive Therapy (NECT), Abriged Illness Management and Recovery Program (AIMR), and Positive Psychology Expressive Writing (PPEW), Hope Instillation, psychoeducation, Empowerment intervention, Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and The Needs-Tailored Recovery Program. Conclusion: There are 14 interventions that can increase hope in patients with schizophrenia. These interventions are inseparable from the three components of hope theory, namely goals, pathway thinking, and agency thinking.