Selenium Supplementation in Graves’ Orbitopathy: Effects on Blood Concentrations and Clinical Outcomes

Objective: To evaluate changes in blood selenium concentrations and associated clinical outcomes following selenium supplementation in patients with Graves' orbitopathy (GO) with varied severity. Study Design: A retrospective study. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with GO who received selenium supplementation with a total daily dose of 210 µg for six months at a single tertiary care center between January 2019 and January 2021. Clinical parameters, including visual acuity, exophthalmos, eyelid aperture, Clinical Activity Score (CAS), GO severity, Graves' Ophthalmopathy Quality of Life (GO-QoL) scores, and selenium concentrations were assessed at baseline and post-treatment. Subgroup analysis was performed for patients who received no concurrent GO treatment. Results: Forty-eight patients (52.1% female, mean age 46.33±11.47 years) were included, with disease severity classified as mild (22.9%), moderate-to-severe (70.8%), and sight-threatening (6.3%). The mean selenium concentrations increased from 90.46±16.40 µg/L to 113.67±19.64 µg/L (mean difference: 23.21±24.75 µg/L; 95% CI: 16.02-30.39, P