COMPARISON OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND HEALTHCARE BUSINESS PRACTICES BETWEEN INDIA AND VIETNAM IN HO CHI MINH CITY

Background: The business cultures of Indian and Vietnamese companies operating in Ho Chi Minh City reflect distinct national characteristics while also sharing certain common values. As companies expand into international markets, understanding similarities and differences in business culture becomes a critical factor for success, particularly in culturally sensitive sectors such as pharmaceuticals and healthcare. Aim: This study aims to compare the business culture of Indian and Vietnamese enterprises in the pharmaceutical and healthcare sectors in Ho Chi Minh City, with a focus on communication styles, relationship-building practices, and negotiation approaches. Methods: The study adopts a qualitative and comparative approach, drawing on cross cultural business frameworks to analyze cultural practices in business interactions. Data are examined to identify patterns of communication, hierarchy, and relationship management among Indian and Vietnamese enterprises operating in Ho Chi Minh City.