Successful surgical treatment of primary synchronous multiple cancer of the stomach and gallbladder

Gastric cancer is among the most common malignant diseases and ranks fifth in incidence and mortality worldwide according to GLOBOCAN 2022. Gallbladder cancer is significantly less prevalent, ranking 22nd in terms of incidence, with 122 000 new cases reported in 2022. The synchronous occurrence of these malignancies is exceptionally rare. The global literature describes only a limited number of cases addressing therapeutic approaches in patients with synchronous gastric and gallbladder cancers. The present report describes a patient diagnosed with synchronous multiple primary malignancies of the stomach and gallbladder. A comprehensive diagnostic assessment, including endoscopy, histopathological verification, and imaging studies, enabled characterization of the disease and determination of the treatment strategy. The patient received perioperative systemic therapy using the FLOT regimen, followed by gastrectomy with lymph node dissection and cholecystectomy. Systemic therapy was subsequently continued in the adjuvant setting. During follow-up, no signs of disease recurrence were detected. This case highlights the importance of differential diagnosis between primary tumors and metastatic lesions, and underscores the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach when determining treatment strategies for patients with rare combinations of synchronous oncological diseases.