Effect of Uterine Artery Ligation Prior to Cesarean Section in Case of Placenta Previa Complete Centralis

Background: Symptoms of placenta previa, an abnormal placentation, typically manifest as painless bleeding during the third trimester of pregnancy. In obstetrics, it is typically defined by feto-maternal problems occurring when the placenta grows excessively close to or covers the cervical internal os. Aim: By monitoring intra-operative blood loss and changes in pre- and post-partum hemoglobin, we can evaluate the safety and effectiveness of uterine artery ligation (UAL) before cesarean section (CS) in cases of placenta previa complete centralis. Subjects and methods: From June 2024 through December 2024, fifty pregnant women who visited the antenatal clinic at El-Hussein University Hospital were the subjects of this prospective observational study. Each patient was assigned to either the study or control group at random. Results: When comparing the two groups' Hb levels before surgery, no statistically significant difference was found. The study and control groups differed significantly (p=0.001) in their postoperative hemoglobin levels, which is an important discovery. After surgery, the hemoglobin levels of the study group remained higher than those of the control group (10.12 g/dl vs. 9.6 g/dl). Central placenta accreta was detected in 82% of cases, and 80% of patients reported normal menstrual periods. Although there were no notable variations in these features across the groups (p=0.48 and p=0.713, respectively), these results nonetheless offer vital information about the patients. Conclusion: A promising treatment for high-risk obstetric situations is uterine artery ligation before cesarean section in placenta previa complete centralis, which can successfully lower intraoperative blood loss and preserve post-operative hemoglobin levels.