Surgical site infection: The Physiological Changes & the Effect of Using Preoperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Orthopedic Surgeries

Surgical site infection (SSI) is considered one of the most feared side effects of orthopedic surgery. It is associated to protracted morbidity, higher mortality, and disability. Numerous factors, such as patient demographics, physiological parameters, and antibiotic prophylaxis affect their occurrence. Before any surgery, the World Health Organization recommends surgical safety check list including prophylactic antibiotics to minimize complications. Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis has been considered the standard f treatment for orthopedic procedures in order to prevent SSI. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the physiological parameters & the effect of preoperative prophylaxis by antibiotics on SSI rates regarding orthopedic surgeries. Methods: In this study, 138 patients who had orthopedic surgeries were included. In our work we compared the protective effect of receiving 4 prophylactic antibiotics (Cefazolin, Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone and Vancomycin). Data were obtained from patients’ archived documents and were analyzed by SPSS software (version26). Results: We found that 75% of patients who received Vancomycin significantly developed SSI (P value