Evaluation of Injectable Platelet Rich Fibrin as an Adjunct to Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment in Patients with Periodontitis and Type II Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Aim: This study sought to assess the effectiveness of incorporating injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF) as an adjunctive treatment alongside non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) in patients diagnosed with periodontitis and type II diabetes (T2DM). It also aimed to explore the correlation between baseline and three-month post-treatment levels of HbA1c and systemic C-reactive protein (CRP), providing insights into both clinical and metabolic responses.Subjects and Methods: This randomized controlled trial recruited 34 patients with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes (n = 17 per group) from the Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Zagazig University. Participants were randomly assigned to Group A (NSPT alone) or Group B (NSPT with adjunctive injectable PRF). Clinical and metabolic parameters were evaluated at baseline and three months post-intervention. The primary outcome was reduction in probing pocket depth (PPD), while secondary measures included periodontal indices (PI, BOP, CAL) and systemic biomarkers (HbA1c, CRP) to assess glycaemic control and inflammatory response.Results: Group B receiving I-PRF as an adjunct showed statistically significant improvements in PPD reduction, CAL gain, and HbA1c reduction, with significantly lower CRP levels compared to Group A. However, changes in plaque index and bleeding on probing were not statistically significant. These findings underscore the adjunctive efficacy of I-PRF in enhancing both clinical and systemic outcomes by the three-month follow-up.Conclusion: NSPT combined with I-PRF proved more effective than NSPT alone in achieving clinical and metabolic improvements at three months. The study highlights the short-term therapeutic potential of I-PRF in managing periodontitis in type II diabetic patients.