Circular RNAs Role in Cancer: Exploring Their Mechanisms, Biomarker Potential, and Therapeutic Applications.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are novel non-coding RNAs characterized by their covalently closed loop structures that confer stability and resistance to exonuclease degradation. Emerging evidence highlights their significant roles in cancer biology, acting as regulators of gene expression, microRNA sponges, and modulators of signaling pathways. Advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies have identified specific circRNAs associated with distinct cancer types, offering promising avenues for personalized medicine. This review aims to shed light on the deepening understanding of the pathogenesis of RNA-mediated cancer, along with advancement in high-throughput sequencing analysis of genome, revealing circRNAs as crucial players in the pathogenesis or therapy of different cancers and their oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions, particularly in HCC, by comparing the available studies circRNAs and discuss their role in either in diagnosis or treatment and their potential characteristics also their molecular mechanisms, to provide a comprehensive guide for further studies to examine the possible and effective circRNA for treatment or early diagnosis of HCC, to provide valuable insights into the circular RNAs in the future.