Comparative study between the effect of nebulization with dexmedetomidine, ketamine or magnesium sulfate in reduction of postoperative sore throat in patients undergoing surgeries under general anesthesia.

Background: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is considered one of the most frequent patients’ complaints after tracheal intubation, significantly impairing early recovery and diminishing overall satisfaction with perioperative care. Aim and objectives: The primary objective of this research was to determine whether preoperative nebulization with dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and magnesium sulfate lowers the frequency and severity of POST as a common anesthetic complication Methods: This is a prospective, randomized, comparative, double blind, controlled study. A total of 88 patients (male and female) were participated, ASA I-II, body mass index (BMI) less than 30 kg/m2 and their age ranged between 18-60 years planned for elective surgeries under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation for more than one hour. The study randomized patients into 4 equal groups of 22. Nebulization was done 30 minutes Prior to anesthetic induction in the preoperative area. Group D received dexmedetomidine nebulization (1mic/kg) made up to 5 ml in normal saline (NS), Group k received ketamine nebulization (1 mg/kg) made up to 5 ml in NS, Group M received magnesium sulphate nebulization (250 mg) made up to 5 ml in NS while Group C received only 5 ml saline nebulization. The frequency and intensity of POST among the groups was our primary outcome and was evaluated by POST Score, while the secondary outcomes were the changes in vital signs before and after administration of tested drugs, sedation score, patient satisfaction and incidence of adverse effects from tested drugs.