Corelation of Lipid Parameters with the Extent of Coronary Atherosclerosis

Purpose: Coronary atherosclerosis is a progressive cardiovascular disease marked by lipid accumulation, inflammation, and plaque formation within arterial walls, leading to reduced coronary blood flow.Dyslipidemia remains a key risk factor contributing to its development and progression.To evaluate the association between lipid profile parameters and the extent of coronary atherosclerosis, and determine their potential as predictive markers.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Shaukat Khanum Laboratory over six months, including 115 patients, 60 of whom were diagnosed with coronary atherosclerosis.Fasting blood samples were analyzed for total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, and LDL-C using the CHOD/PAP enzymatic method.Data were presented as mean ± SD, and independent t-tests were applied, with p < 0.005 considered significant.Results: Patients with atherosclerosis showed significantly altered lipid profiles: triglycerides (183.4 ± 86.1 mg/dL), total cholesterol (198.1 ± 51.5 mg/dL), and LDL-C (130.9 ± 37.2 mg/dL).HDL-C levels showed a negative correlation.The prevalence of atherosclerosis was 60% among all participants.Conclusion: Abnormal lipid parameters, particularly elevated LDL-C and triglycerides with reduced HDL-C, are strongly associated with coronary atherosclerosis.Routine lipid screening can aid in early detection, prevention, and management of this disease.