Evaluation of Central Corneal Thickness in Patients with Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis Using TopicalSteroids

Purpose: To assess the changes in central corneal thickness (CCT) in patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) using topical steroids.Methods: A prospective observational comparative study was conducted over six months at Sarwar Eye Care Center, Lahore.Thirty-four VKC patients aged 5-25 years were recruited using purposive sampling.Baseline evaluations included history, symptom documentation, and CCT measurement via pachymetry.Topical steroids (dexamethasone/prednisolone) were prescribed based on disease severity.Follow-up CCT assessments were conducted at 1 and 3 months.VKC severity and treatment response were monitored throughout.Data were analyzed to assess CCT changes over time.Results: Among 34 VKC patients (mean age: 16.26 years), the most common symptoms were itching and redness (29.4%).Both steroids improved VKC severity, with dexamethasone showing greater improvement (64.7%) compared to prednisolone (36.4%) by the third month.CCT decreased significantly in both groups; however, dexamethasone caused a more pronounced thinning (OD: -33.8 µm; OS: -30.12 µm) than prednisolone (OD: -5.29 µm; OS: -5.99 µm).Statistical analysis confirmed significant CCT changes over time (p < 0.001) within and between groups, indicating stronger anti-inflammatory efficacy of dexamethasone but a safer corneal profile with prednisolone.Conclusion: Prednisolone provides safer corneal outcomes with moderate clinical improvement, while dexamethasone offers superior symptom control but induces greater corneal thinning.