Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis complicated by a lung abscess within a pulmonary cavity successfully treated with percutaneous drainage: A case report

Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis typically affects individuals with normal or mildly compromised immune systems and it is categorized into several subtypes based on the lesion morphology and disease progression patterns. We present a rare case of a bacterial lung abscess developing within a pre-existing pulmonary cavity, representing a transitional phase from simple pulmonary aspergilloma to chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis. The patient underwent percutaneous drainage of the purulent cavity, followed by combined antibacterial and antifungal therapy, resulting in favorable outcomes without any complications. In selected cases in which the cavitary structure remains intact, minimally invasive treatments, such as percutaneous lung abscess drainage, may offer a viable therapeutic option.