Exploring Microbiome-based Therapy: Bacterial Flavonoid Synthesis as a Novel Approach to PCOS Treatment

BACKGROUND: PCOS is a common endocrine disorder characterized by metabolic irregularities, hormonal imbalance, and ovarian dysfunction. Traditional therapies, including dietary changes, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications, offer limited efficacy in addressing the complex pathophysiology of PCOS. METHODS: A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect to identify studies on gut microbiota and microbiome-based management strategies for PCOS. RESULTS: Emerging evidence highlights the role of gut bacteria in regulating hormonal and metabolic functions, sparking interest in microbiota-targeted therapies. Microbial flavonoid synthesis by species such as Streptomyces and Escherichia coli may positively influence endocrine and metabolic pathways relevant to PCOS. DISCUSSION: Modulating the gut microbiome, particularly through microbial flavonoid production, represents a promising therapeutic avenue. However, most evidence remains preclinical, with limited clinical validation. Key gaps include mechanistic understanding, safety evaluation, and translational research. Integrating microbiome-targeted interventions with conventional therapies could enhance metabolic and hormonal regulation, offering improved outcomes for women with PCOS. CONCLUSION: Microbiome-based medicinal approaches, including microbial flavonoid production, may offer novel strategies for PCOS management. Rigorous preclinical studies and well-designed clinical trials are essential to establish their efficacy, safety, and therapeutic potential.