Exploring the Link between Evening Chronotypes and T2DM among South Indians: A Cross-Sectional Study

INTRODUCTION: Chronotype refers to an individual's circadian preference in biological and behavioral rhythm relative to the external light-dark cycle. light-dark cycle. Evening chronotype is associated with increased diabetes risk, probably due to inappropriate eating habits, reduced physical activity, and altered sleeping habits. This study aims to find an association between evening chronotropic and diabetes. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the General Medicine department over six months. 201 patients satisfying the study criteria were included. Horne-Ostberg Morningness- Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), blood samples, sleep quality, and anthropometric indicators were obtained. Postprandial blood sugar (PPBS), fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) were measured with standard techniques. A univariate logistic regression analysis, along with post-hoc tests, was employed to find the role of independent variables on each chronotype. RESULTS: Among the 81 evening chronotypes, 85.1% were diabetics, the mean HDL value in the evening chronotypes was 35.2 mg/dl, significantly (p