Comparison of the Effects of Propolis and Fennelin Capsules on Premenstrual Syndrome in Students: A Randomized Clinical Trial

INTRODUCTION: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) significantly affects women's quality of life. This study compares the effects of propolis and fennelin capsules on PMS symptoms in students. METHODS: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial (2024) was conducted with 90 students at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, who were randomized into propolis (500 mg), fennelin (30 mg extract), or placebo groups (30 participants each). Interventions were administered over two menstrual cycles. PMS symptom severity and frequency were assessed using validated questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS-21. RESULTS: Propolis and fennelin reduced PMS symptom severity by 78.9% and 79.3%, respectively (p = 0.016), whereas no significant change was observed in the placebo group (p = 0.206). No side effects were reported. CONCLUSION: Propolis and fennelin may serve as complementary options for short-term PMS symptom relief in young women. However, the small sample size and short duration limit the generalizability of the findings, highlighting the need for future studies with larger, more diverse populations and longer follow-up periods. CLINICAL TRIAL NO: IRCT20120215009014N525.