Isolation and Microscopic Characterization of Fungal Pathogens from Onychomycosis-Infected Toe Nails: A Case Report

BACKGROUND: Onychomycosis is a chronic fungal nail infection caused by dermatophytes, yeasts, and non-dermatophyte molds. Confirming the causative organism is critical for guiding appropriate anti-fungal therapy. CASE PRESENTATION: This study reports the case of a male patient with nail discoloration, thickening, and dystrophy that were clinically suggestive of onychomycosis. Nail clippings were collected, cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar, and examined microscopically. Colonies were identified by lactophenol cotton blue staining and confirmed using scanning electron microscopy. Morphological features, including pseudohyphae, blastoconidia, and chlamydospores, confirmed Candida albicans as the causative agent. The study focused on the laboratory isolation and identification of the causative fungal pathogen from nail specimens, a critical step for accurate diagnosis. CONCLUSION: This case emphasizes the value of simple, economical microscopy-based methods for identifying Candida albicans in onychomycosis and underscores their role in supporting clinical management.