Relevance of Clinical High-Risk of Psychotic Transition Concept to Avoid Misdiagnosis Risk in an Unaccompanied Minor Refugee with Complex Trauma: A Case Report

Introduction: Unaccompanied refugee minors face a heightened risk of mental health disorders due to cumulative traumatic exposures and sociocultural displacement. Psychotic-like symptoms are common and frequently misdiagnosed as primary psychotic disorders, often overlooking trauma-related or culturally-influenced presentations. Case Presentation: We report the case of “Moussa”, a 15-year-old URM from Cameroon, who presented with transient psychotic symptoms during an acute stress episode. Following the CAARMS assessment, he was initially diagnosed with a Clinical High-Risk for psychosis state (CHRp), then later labeled as schizophreniform by another provider. However, his rapid remission and trauma history led to a revised diagnosis of complex PTSD. Conclusion: This case underscores the risks of early psychiatric labeling in traumatized migrant youth. Greater use of CHRp frameworks—if combined with cultural and ethical caution—may help delay premature diagnoses and favor tailored care. However, the CHRp construct itself remains debated, and its application should not obscure broader systemic biases. Main limitations include the single-case design and the absence of standardized trauma assessments. Therefore, longitudinal research is needed.