Evaluation of Manufacturing Pipe Elements in Selected Experimental Metal Forming Tests

Abstract. This paper presents a review of experimental research results evaluating the feasibility of manufacturing various components from copper and steel pipes using selected metal forming methods, a such as: necking, bulging, rolling and hydroforming process. The studies were conducted for different relative wall thicknesses s0/D (where s0 denotes tube thickness and D is outer diameter of pipe). Experimental results from cross-rolling steel pipe reducers using internal shaping tools and hydroforming of axisymmetric copper components (valve balls) are presented. These results are supplemented by summarized results from the necking and bulging of steel reducers, as well as hydroforming of copper cross-joints and various one- and two-sided steel connections.