Laser Surface Modification of Reinforcing Steel to Improve Corrosion Resistance and Bond to Concrete

Abstract. The durability of reinforced concrete structures is strongly governed by the corrosion resistance of reinforcing steel and the quality of the steel–concrete bond. Laser surface modification of steel offers a promising approach to simultaneously mitigate chloride-induced corrosion and tailor interfacial adhesion with cement paste. This paper synthesizes research on laser surface melting (LSM), laser cladding (LC), and micro-/nanotexturing (LST/LIPSS) of reinforcing and structural steels in alkaline and chloride-containing environments, highlighting their effects on microstructure, passive film stability, and steel–concrete bond performance. Key research gaps are identified, including the lack of long-term studies on bars embedded in concrete and the absence of integrated durability design models that incorporate laser-treatment effects.