Raktamokshana and Cupping Therapy: A Comparative and Critical Review

Cupping therapy is an age-old technique found in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Unani and Islamic medicine which is referred as Hijama, and in Ayurveda it is stated as Raktamokshana. It involves the utilization of suction cups to specific body areas. Traditionally it is utilized to remove toxin and restore balance. Its popularity has surged globally, it is now increasingly adopted for pain relief, especially in musculoskeletal and pain-related conditions and inflammation reduction. Given its revival in modern times, especially among athletes and holistic practitioners, it is essential to critically evaluate its efficacy. This review aims to critically analyze the available scientific literature on cupping therapy regarding its classification, techniques, safety concerns, SOP of Cupping therapy and proposed mechanisms.