Harnessing Ayurveda for Neurological Disorders: A Case Study on Joubert Syndrome

Joubert syndrome is a rare genetic neurological autosomal recessive disorder characterized by abnormal development of the cerebellar and brainstem regions during foetal growth. It presents with a spectrum of symptoms, most commonly affecting muscle tone and coordination, breathing, eye movements, and sometimes speech.[1] The incidence of Joubert syndrome is approximately 1 in 100,000 live births globally.[2] While it is primarily caused by inherited genetic mutations, sporadic cases also occur. Currently, there is no definitive cure, and management focuses on supportive therapies such as physiotherapy and occupational therapy. In Ayurveda, Sharira Cheshta (bodily movements) is regulated by Vata Dosha.[3] Vitiation of Vata can result in impaired muscle tone, abnormal posture, dysfunctional eye movements, and speech difficulties. Based on this understanding, an Ayurveda treatment protocol was formulated to balance Vata and enhance the patient’s quality of life. Core therapies included Snehana (oleation), Swedana (sudation), and Basti Karma (medicated enemas), which are central to Vata Chikitsa. Given the progressive nature of the condition and its poor prognosis - Rasayana Chikitsa (rejuvenation therapy) was also integrated to promote systemic resilience, improve immunity, and delay disability. Although the disease has been present since birth and symptoms were noticed in later stage, it is attributed to an imbalance in the Vata dosha. This integrative approach aimed to provide symptomatic relief and improve the overall well-being of the affected child. In this study an 8 years old male child who was diagnosed with Joubert syndrome who was having complaints of altered gait and balance since 5 years associated with difficulty in framing sentences since 1 year was treated with Ayurveda treatment protocol.