Extraction and Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles From Piper betle Leaves Using the Apoplastic Fluid Washing and Size Exclusion Chromatography Method

BIO-PROTOCOL 2026 Open access

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Authors: Izy Sanddy, Wan Adawiyah, Ooi Jiun, Gayandi Ekanayake, Alireza Fazeli, Noor Rahman, Norhayati Khan
DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.5685
Cited by: 1

Abstract

-derived extracellular vesicles (PBdEVs) using a gentle approach to maintain the vesicles' morphology. • This protocol is suitable for large-scale experiments with multiple biological replicates or different leaf samples of similar morphology.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Extracellular vesicles in disease Oral Health Pathology and Treatment Oral microbiology and periodontitis research

Publication details

Journal / source
BIO-PROTOCOL
Publisher
Bio-Protocol, LLC
Volume
16
Issue
1396
Pages
e5685–e5685
Publication date
1 January 2026
Language
EN