Developing a Framework for Green Curriculum in Higher Culinary Education at Universitas Negeri Surabaya & UPSI Malaysia

The accelerating global environmental crisis demands the integration of sustainability within higher culinary education. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Green Curriculum (GC) framework at Universitas Negeri Surabaya (UNESA) and Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI). Utilizing a descriptive qualitative method involving 50 expert panelists and keyword frequency analysis, the findings reveal that implementation is in a transitional phase marked by three fundamental gaps. First, a significant gap exists between the high philosophical awareness of internal stakeholders and the lack of systemic action, despite new demands for sustainability competencies. Second, implementation is critically impeded by the university support system; infrastructure ('Facilities & Infrastructure', f=84) was the highest frequency concern, creating a 'hidden curriculum' conflict where poor facilities (e.g., wastewater treatment) contradict pedagogical goals. Third, the framework is overwhelmingly inward-looking, rendering the community participation pillar the most underemphasized aspect (frequency