TRADITION & MODERNITY: LAND USE CHANGE AND LAND TENURE PATTERN IN CANGGU VILLAGE, BALI, INDONESIA

Tourism development has become a major driving force behind land use change in Canggu Village, Bali, particularly through the rapid conversion of agricultural land into tourism-oriented spaces. This study examines how these changes have reshaped land use patterns and land ownership structures, while also exploring their environmental, economic, and socio-cultural implications for the local community. Special attention is given to the role of traditional village institutions (desa adat) in regulating land use amid increasing pressure from private and foreign investors. This research adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques. Primary data were collected through in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, questionnaire surveys involving 108 respondents in Canggu Village, and direct field observations. Secondary data were obtained from land use maps, satellite imagery, and regional spatial planning documents. The findings reveal a significant decline in agricultural land, accompanied by traffic congestion and the reduction of green open spaces. Although tourism development has generated new employment and business opportunities, the economic benefits received by local residents remain disproportionately lower than those gained by foreign investors. Beyond economic impacts, tourism-driven land conversion has also influenced the socio-cultural landscape of Canggu Village. The study identifies a gradual decline in community participation in traditional and ritual activities, alongside the potential erosion of local cultural values. These findings suggest that the current tourism development model has yet to deliver equitable and sustainable outcomes for the indigenous community. The study therefore emphasizes the need for concrete policy measures, including strengthening the authority of desa adat in spatial and land use planning, implementing fair and transparent land ownership regulations, and enhancing community empowerment within tourism management practices.