A qualitative study on the phased nature of the self-acceptance process for working women experiencing menopause

Objective: In modern society, where women's continued participation in the workforce is increasing, health issues associated with menopause require a multifaceted response owing to the complex interplay of physical, psychological, and social factors. We previously demonstrated that difficulties in self-acceptance of menopause created conflicts for women, indicating a need for support based on this understanding. This study aimed to clarify the internal process of self-acceptance using qualitative data from our prior work and to provide foundational knowledge for developing support systems. Participants and Methods: Based on previous research, we extracted descriptions related to self-acceptance from semi-structured interviews with 20 women, primarily in the medical and welfare professions, and conducted a secondary analysis using qualitative content analysis. Results: The results confirmed the five-stage process of menopausal self-acceptance: 1. awareness (noticing physical changes) and 2. resistance (resisting ill health and social pressure), 3. exploration (access to medical care and information); 4. acceptance (acceptance and adjustment to changes), and 5. redefinition (reevaluating experiences and reconstructing the self). Individual differences were observed in that these stages did not progress in a linear fashion but rather involved fluctuations. The presence or absence of support from the environment and interpersonal relationships likely influences this transition. Conclusion: Menopause is not merely a period of loss but can also be viewed as a turning point for reconstructing one's roles and self. The results of this study indicate that fostering proactive self-acceptance is crucial for women to continue working while maintaining their mental and physical health.