The genesis of legislation on combating illicit trafficking in tobacco and nicotine-containing products: regulatory framework. Part 1

Relevance. Systemic changes in the legislative regulation of tobacco and nicotine-containing products, which began with the adoption of the "anti-smoking law" in 2013, demonstrate a significant expansion of restrictions and prohibitions. The introduction of licensing for the turnover of these products from 2023 on the basis of the law on the regulation of tobacco turnover is relevant and timely. Criminal legislation is also systematically "updated" with antismoking regulations. In this regard, it is necessary to establish the proportionality of the established rules in the tobacco market and responsibility for their violation.Purpose: to trace the evolution of regulatory legislation in the field of combating illegal trafficking in tobacco and nicotine-containing productsObjectives: to determine the socio-economic prerequisites for the establishment of bans in the tobacco market; to deduce the sequence of amendments to the "tobacco law"; to assess the effectiveness of the bans through the prism of statistical data on changes in the level of illegal trafficking in tobacco and nicotine-containing products.Methodology. The article uses methods of analysis, generalization, description, and statistical research.Results. The study showed that initially, the relevant "anti-smoking law" of 2013 declared the task of protecting citizens' health from exposure to ambient tobacco smoke, the effects of tobacco consumption or consumption of nicotine-containing products, which was reflected in the name of the law. The permanent increase in prohibitions and restrictions related to the turnover and consumption of tobacco and nicotine-containing products logically led to the establishment of licensing in the tobacco market in 2023 and the introduction of strict state accounting of the turnover of these products. It is obvious that the most dangerous forms of violations of the "anti-smoking law" and the law on regulating tobacco turnover should be reflected in criminal law prohibitions, which will be assessed in the second part of the study.Conclusion. Russia has embarked on a path of significant restrictions and total state control in the sphere of tobacco and nicotine-containing products. Tobacco and nicotine-containing products include products that do not contain tobacco or nicotine, but are intended for smoking. Mixtures for sucking (snus, naswise) and pure nicotine are completely banned from sale.