Prognostic Factors and the Impact of Adjuvant S-1 Chemotherapy in Resected Ampulla of Vater Carcinoma: A Single-institution Retrospective Study

BACKGROUND/AIM: Ampulla of Vater carcinoma is a rare malignancy with limited survival after resection, and the role of adjuvant therapy remains unclear. S-1 (oral prodrug of 5-FU with modulators gimeracil and oteracil) has been adopted as an adjuvant treatment for biliary cancers in Japan, but its benefit in ampullary carcinoma is uncertain. We aimed to identify prognostic factors and evaluate the impact of adjuvant S-1 in resected ampullary carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: without adjuvant S-1 were compared within the node-positive (N+) subset of patients. RESULTS: =0.5 and 0.4). Adjuvant S-1 did not improve survival in node-positive patients. CONCLUSION: Lymph node status is a major prognostic factor in ampullary carcinoma. Adjuvant S-1 chemotherapy conferred no significant survival benefit for node-positive patients, underscoring the need for more effective adjuvant strategies.