5-Azacytidine Enhances Differentiation of Human Placenta-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Towards Schwann-like Cells

BACKGROUND/AIM: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used for regenerative medicine, particularly in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and peripheral nerve injuries. Among these, human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) possess a high potential for differentiation into various cell types, including those of the neural lineage under appropriate conditions. The primary aim of this study was to isolate and induce the differentiation of hPMSCs into Schwann cell-like cells (SC-like cells) that function to support and play a role in the peripheral nervous system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human placental tissues were isolated, and hPMSCs were cultured and characterized. The isolated hPMSCs were positive for mesenchymal stem cell surface markers CD73, CD90, and CD105. The multipotency of hPMSCs was confirmed by their ability to differentiate into osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. To induce Schwann cell differentiation, hPMSCs were cultured in Schwann cell differentiation medium with or without the addition of 5-azacytidine (5-aza). Gene and protein expression analyses were performed to assess Schwann cell-specific markers. RESULTS: