Effectiveness of Preoperative Orientation on the Incidence of Delirium in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: Scoping Review

Postoperative delirium (POD) constitutes a frequent but severe complication that develops after patients undergo coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operations. The condition results in extended stays in intensive care units, together with functional deterioration, higher medical expenses, and increased death rates. This review analyzes preoperative orientation programs based on implementation evidence demonstrating their effectiveness in reducing postoperative delirium rates among adult CABG patients. The research team conducted a scoping review using JBI methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The research team conducted database searches that covered the time period from 2000 through December 31, 2025. The research team included studies that involved adult CABG patients who received orientation programs and used validated assessment tools to measure delirium. The review identified four studies, including three RCTs and one observational study. The studies showed that multiple intervention types reduced delirium symptoms among patients. The interventions included multimedia content together with nurse-led ICU orientation programs and digital cognitive training orientation sessions. The results demonstrate that preoperative orientation serves as an effective low-risk method that hospitals can use to prevent postoperative delirium. The research team requires larger trials to test their hypothesis.