The Nephroprotective Effect of Andrographis Paniculata Ethanol Extract Poly-Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) Nanoparticles on Vero Cell

Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) comprises andrographolide, a compound characterized by inherently low bioavailability. Consequently, it is formulated into nanoparticles to enhance its pharmacokinetic profile. Andrographolide ables to fight free radicals that cause cell death. This study was conducted to determine nephroprotective activity of poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)-based Andrographis paniculata nanoparticles in vero cell line. Andrographis paniculata ethanol extract nanoparticles (50, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 ppm) were tested for cytotoxicity and nephroprotective activity. Nephroprotective tests consisted of acute nephroprotection, chronic nephroprotection, and recovery tests using concentrations of 100, 250 and 500 ppm. The protective effect was tested by administering nanoparticles, followed by H2O2. The recovery effect was tested by administering H2O2, followed by nanoparticles. All tests were carried out using the 3-(4, 5-dimethyl tiazol-2-il)-5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay method and data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA. Andrographis paniculata ethanol extract nanoparticles (50 – 1000 ppm) did not have any toxic effect on Vero cell line. Nanoparticles provide nephroprotective activity based on concentration-dependent trend. High concentration nanoparticles (500 ppm) were able to provide better acute protective effect than vitamin E. Nanoparticles 500 ppm provided a better recovery effect (p