Research on the Impact of DIP Reform on the Service Efficiency of Medical Institutions: A Case Study of H City, Hubei Province

Objective: To evaluate the impact of the Diagnosis-Intervention Packet (DIP) payment policy on the service efficiency of medical institutions and provide evidence for the reform of medical insurance payment methods. Methods: Based on quarterly data from 37 medical institutions in H City, Hubei Province, from 2020 to 2024, a common frontier Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and an Interrupted Time Series (ITS) model were employed to quantitatively analyze changes in efficiency before and after the implementation of DIP. Results: The DIP policy significantly improved medical service efficiency, driving efficiency values closer to the optimal frontier while effectively controlling medical costs. However, three issues were identified:(1) Only a few institutions achieved the optimal Technology Gap Ratio (TGR);(2) Cost control exhibited a "U-shaped" pattern, initially decreasing and then rising;(3) There were significant differences in responses among medical institutions of different levels.Conclusion: It is recommended to enhance the policy effectiveness by improving supporting mechanisms, deepening internal refined management, and optimizing differentiated reform pathways, thereby providing a reference for further payment reforms.