Smart Street Level Autonomous Dustbin for Door-to-Door Waste Collection

The rapid expansion of urban populations has increased pressure on conventional waste-collection practices, which largely depend on manual operations and lack real-time monitoring capabilities. To address these limitations, this paper presents the Smart Street-Level Autonomous Dustbin (SSAD), a mobile robotic system designed for door-to-door waste collection and ondevice segregation. The SSAD integrates an Internet of Things (IoT) framework with embedded sensing modules, GPS-assisted navigation, and lightweight machine-learning-based waste classification. Ultrasonic and infrared sensors support obstacle detection and bin identification, while a convolutional neural network deployed on an onboard processor categorizes waste into biodegradable and non-biodegradable types. The system transmits operational data—including bin status, location, and segregation logs—to a cloud-based dashboard for real-time monitoring. Experimental evaluation demonstrates an average classification accuracy of 85–90% and a 25% improvement in route efficiency compared to manual collection. The proposed system illustrates the potential of autonomous mobile platforms for enhancing waste-management efficiency and enabling scalable smart-city solutions.