Review on Analysis of an RCC Irregular and Setback Building under Dynamic Loading Using ETABS

Vertical irregularities such as setbacks, abrupt changes in stiffness, mass distribution, and geometric discontinuities are increasingly common in reinforced cement concrete (RCC) buildings due to architectural and functional requirements. However, these irregularities significantly influence the seismic response of structures and often lead to concentration of damage during strong ground motions. This paper presents a comprehensive review of research studies published between 2015 and 2025 on the seismic analysis of vertically irregular and setback RCC buildings subjected to dynamic loading. Emphasis is placed on analytical investigations conducted using ETABS, including response spectrum analysis, time history analysis, and nonlinear performance-based approaches. The reviewed literature highlights the impact of different types of vertical irregularities on key seismic response parameters such as natural period, storey displacement, inter-storey drift, base shear, torsional effects, and damage distribution. Comparative insights from code-based studies, experimental investigations, and seismic vulnerability assessments are also discussed. The review identifies consistent trends indicating increased seismic demand and reduced performance in irregular buildings compared to regular configurations. Furthermore, existing research gaps related to combined irregularities, nonlinear dynamic analysis, and mitigation strategies are summarized. The findings of this review aim to support researchers and practicing engineers in understanding the seismic behavior of irregular RCC buildings and in adopting appropriate analysis and design approaches.