Green FinTech and Corporate Decarbonization: The Role of Digital Financial Innovation in Driving ESG Performance and Low-Carbon Transition

The urgent global transition toward low-carbon and sustainable business models has placed unprecedented pressure on corporations to improve environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. Parallel to this, rapid advances in Financial Technology (FinTech) have transformed capital markets, financing mechanisms, data analytics, and disclosure systems. The convergence of sustainability and financial innovation has led to a new domain known as Green FinTech, encompassing digital technologies such as blockchain, AI-based ESG analytics, carbon-tracking platforms, peer-to-peer green lending, and digital green bonds. This paper investigates the role of Green FinTech in facilitating corporate decarbonization and ESG transformation. It synthesizes existing literature to identify mechanisms through which FinTech tools support green financing, enhance environmental transparency, reduce information asymmetry, and incentivize low-carbon investments. A conceptual model is developed linking Green FinTech adoption to corporate ESG performance through mediators such as access to green capital, carbon disclosure quality, stakeholder pressure, and innovation capability. The paper also outlines an empirical methodology using secondary corporate ESG datasets and FinTech development indices across emerging markets, with a focus on India. Key contributions include clarifying the construct of Green FinTech, identifying causal pathways to corporate decarbonization, and proposing a future research agenda integrating sustainable finance, digital transformation, and environmental economics